Mini-G proteins: Novel tools for studying GPCRs in their active conformation
Mini-G proteins are the engineered GTPase domains of Gα subunits. They couple to GPCRs and recapitulate the increase in agonist affinity observed upon coupling of a native heterotrimeric G protein. Given the small size and stability of mini-G proteins, and their ease of expression and purification, they are ideal for biophysical studies of GPCRs in their fully active state. The first mini-G protein developed was mini-Gs. Here we extend the family of mini-G proteins to include mini-Golf, mini-Gi1, mini-Go1 and the chimeras mini-Gs/q and mini-Gs/i. The mini-G proteins were shown to couple to relevant GPCRs and to form stable complexes with purified receptors that could be purified by size exclusion chromatography. Agonist-bound GPCRs coupled to a mini-G protein showed higher thermal stability compared to the agonist-bound receptor alone. Fusion of GFP at the N-terminus of mini-G proteins allowed receptor coupling to be monitored by fluorescence-detection size exclusion chromatography (FSEC) and, in a separate assay, the affinity of mini-G protein binding to detergent-solubilised receptors was determined. This work provides the foundation for the development of any mini-G protein and, ultimately, for the structure determination of GPCRs in a fully active state.
Compartmentalized GPCR Signaling from Intracellular Membranes
The role of G protein conformation in receptor–G protein
Residue 6.43 defines receptor function in class F GPCRs
PDF] Mini G protein probes for active G protein–coupled receptors
Frontiers Accelerating GPCR Drug Discovery With Conformation
Binding kinetics drive G protein subtype selectivity at the β1
Crystal structure of rhodopsin in complex with a mini-Go sheds
Frontiers Investigating G-protein coupled receptor signalling
Expression and purification of recombinant G protein-coupled
Current applications of mini G proteins to study the structure and
PDF) Engineering a minimal G protein to facilitate crystallisation
Nucleotide-decoupled G proteins reveal the role of G protein