Spitting cobras may have evolved unique venom to defend from ancient humans

A toxin unique to spitting cobras means their venom causes more pain than other snakes.

Spitting cobras may have evolved unique venom to defend from ancient humans

How did cobras alone evolve hoods? Do hoods offer cobras any survival advantage or disadvantage over other snakes? - Quora

Animals – News, Research and Analysis – The Conversation – page 7

Black-necked cobra, snake, cobrinha snake

Animals - Noticias, Investigaciones y Análisis - The Conversation

Johanna Paijmans – Pleistocene Genomics Lab

Spitting cobras: the peculiar evolution of defensive venom in snakes

Snake venom did not evolve as a defense mechanism, research shows

Red Spitting Cobra Animal Facts

Black-necked cobra, snake, cobrinha snake

Spitting Cobra Animal Facts - A-Z Animals

How, or Why, Cobras Evolved Tissue-Destroying Venom

Crabs

BBC One - Planet Earth III - Living alongside cobras