Chronic venous outflow obstruction: An important cause of chronic

Chronic venous outflow obstruction is a significant cause of chronic venous disease and therefore chronic morbidity. When conservative measures fail, intervention through deep venous reconstructive techniques should be considered. Referral should be considered in all patients with features of chronic venous disease that are life-affecting. Imaging relies primarily on duplex ultrasonography, supplemented by computed tomographic and magnetic resonance venography, and intraoperatively by intravascular ultrasonography. Intervention is primary endovenous, using angioplasty and stenting. Open surgical procedures are used in very select patients.

Phlegmasia cerulea dolens from radiation-induced venous stenosis

Progress in the management of venous disease during our five decades as surgeons - Servier - PhlebolymphologyServier – Phlebolymphology

Chronic Venous Disease of the Lower Extremities: A State-of-the Art Review - ScienceDirect

Management of venous thromboembolism in patients with active

Low Levels of Depressive Symptoms Predict the Combined Outcome of

Medical Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency - IngentaConnect

PDF) Iliocaval Venous Obstruction, Cardiac Preload Reserve and

JCM, Free Full-Text

Pulsenotes Budd-Chiari syndrome

Symptoms of Venous Insufficiency - Delaware Vein Center

Optimizing pelvic surgery outcomes